break

汉语翻译

n. 休息, 中断, 破裂处, 绝交, 破晓, 突变
vt. 打破, 弄破, 弄坏, 破坏, 违反, 打断, 削弱, 放弃
vi. 破碎, 决裂, 破晓, 突变, 变弱, 暂停
n. 分隔符
【计】 分隔符; 中断; DOS内部命令:设定扫描中断按键的时机
【医】 切断, 中断, 断(电路)
【经】 暴落, 跌价, 破产倒闭
相关词组:
break in
break into sth
break sb of sth
break sb of smoking
break sth off
break off
break out
break short
break sth up
break up
break sb up
without a break
break through
break the back of...
break sth down
break down
break forth...
break even
break sth in

词型变化：

动词过去式:broke 过去分词:broken 现在分词:breaking 第三人称单数:breaks 

词意辨析：

break, burst, crack, crush, fracture, shatter, smash

这些动词均含“打破、弄碎”之意。
break: 常用词，含义广泛，多指猛然用力将坚硬物打破或损坏。
burst: 指某物因内部外部压力过大而出现严重破裂、爆开或撑破。
crack: 多指因长期使用或经受压力，物体表现呈现裂纹、裂口或破裂、裂开，但一般没成碎片。
crush: 指用力把东西压破或使变形。
fracture: 比crack的破裂程度更深更严重，常指断裂，医学上指骨折。
shatter: 指破裂为许多支离破碎的碎片，多用指易碎事物。
smash: 指突然而猛烈地重击某物，使之破碎或完全变形。

break, destroy, ruin, wreck, damage, spoil

这些动词均有“破坏，损坏”之意。
break: 普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。
destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引申意义。
wreck: 侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健康受到损害。
damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
spoil: 强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。

break, rest, pause, interval, recess, cease, stop, end

这些名词均含有“中止，停止，休息”之意。
break: 非正式用词，指突然的或短时间的中止，如工作或活动期间短暂休息。
rest: 指统称的休息。
pause: 指短暂的中断或停止，含再进行下去的意味。
interval: 指一出戏在幕与幕之间，音乐会上下串场之间或演出中预先安排的休息；也可泛指事件之间的一段时间。
recess: 正式用词，指业务活动或工作中短暂的或长时间的休息。
cease: 正式用词，侧重逐渐结束某活动或状态，含永远结束的意味。
stop: 普通用词，指迅速或突然中止某行为、活动或状态。
end: 多指“自然的结束”。

英语解释：

名词 break:

1. some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity
   同义词：interruption
2. an unexpected piece of good luck
   同义词：good luck, happy chance
3. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other
   同义词：fault, faulting, geological fault, shift, fracture
4. a personal or social separation (as between opposing factions)
   同义词：rupture, breach, severance, rift, falling out
5. a pause from doing something (as work)
   同义词：respite, recess, time out
6. the act of breaking something
   同义词：breakage, breaking
7. a time interval during which there is a temporary cessation of something
   同义词：pause, intermission, interruption, suspension
8. breaking of hard tissue such as bone
   同义词：fracture
9. the occurrence of breaking
10. an abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion)
11. the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool
12. (tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving
    同义词：break of serve
13. an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity
    同义词：interruption, disruption, gap
14. a sudden dash
15. any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare
    同义词：open frame
16. an escape from jail
    同义词：breakout, jailbreak, gaolbreak, prisonbreak, prison-breaking

动词 break:

1. terminate
   同义词：interrupt
2. become separated into pieces or fragments
   同义词：separate, split up, fall apart, come apart
3. destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments
4. render inoperable or ineffective
5. ruin completely
   同义词：bust
6. act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises
   同义词：transgress, offend, infract, violate, go against, breach
7. move away or escape suddenly
   同义词：break out, break away
8. scatter or part
9. force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up
   同义词：burst, erupt
10. prevent completion
    同义词：break off, discontinue, stop
11. enter someone's property in an unauthorized manner, usually with the intent to steal or commit a violent act
    同义词：break in
12. make submissive, obedient, or useful
    同义词：break in
13. fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns
    同义词：violate, go against
14. surpass in excellence
    同义词：better
15. make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret
    同义词：unwrap, disclose, let on, bring out, reveal, discover, expose, divulge, impart, give away, let out
16. come into being
17. stop operating or functioning
    同义词：fail, go bad, give way, die, give out, conk out, go, break down
18. interrupt a continued activity
    同义词：break away
19. make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or one's own by quitting or fleeing
20. curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves
21. lessen in force or effect
    同义词：dampen, damp, soften, weaken
22. be broken in
23. come to an end
24. vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity
25. cause to give up a habit
26. give up
27. come forth or begin from a state of latency
28. happen or take place
29. cause the failure or ruin of
30. invalidate by judicial action
31. discontinue an association or relation; go different ways
    同义词：separate, part, split up, split, break up
32. assign to a lower position; reduce in rank
    同义词：demote, bump, relegate, kick downstairs
33. reduce to bankruptcy
    同义词：bankrupt, ruin, smash
34. change directions suddenly
35. emerge from the surface of a body of water
36. break down, literally or metaphorically
    同义词：collapse, fall in, cave in, give, give way, founder
37. do a break dance
    同义词：break dance, break-dance
38. exchange for smaller units of money
39. destroy the completeness of a set of related items
    同义词：break up
40. make the opening shot that scatters the balls
41. separate from a clinch, in boxing
42. go to pieces
    同义词：wear, wear out, bust, fall apart
43. break a piece from a whole
    同义词：break off, snap off
44. become punctured or penetrated
45. pierce or penetrate
46. be released or become known; of news
    同义词：get out, get around
47. cease an action temporarily
    同义词：pause, intermit
48. interrupt the flow of current in
49. undergo breaking
50. find a flaw in
51. find the solution or key to
52. change suddenly from one tone quality or register to another
53. happen
    同义词：recrudesce, develop
54. become fractured; break or crack on the surface only
    同义词：crack, check
55. crack; of the male voice in puberty
56. fall sharply
57. fracture a bone of
    同义词：fracture
58. diminish or discontinue abruptly
59. weaken or destroy in spirit or body

例句：

1. The dog bit me but didn't break the skin.
   那狗咬了我一口，但是没有把皮咬破。
2. The window broke into pieces.
   窗户碎成碎片。
3. The cold weather at last broke at the end of March.
   寒冷的天气终于在三月末结束了。
4. There is a break during the performance for the audience to take a rest.
   演出中有一次中场休息，让听众们稍事休息。

详细解释：

break

v.（动词）
broke[brôk] bro.ken[brô.k…n] break.ing,breaks
v.tr.（及物动词）
To cause to separate into pieces suddenly or violently; smash.
打破，击碎：使突然或猛烈地分裂成碎片；使碎裂
To divide into pieces, as by bending or cutting:
掰碎，砍碎：把…分成碎片，如通过折断或切开：
例句：
break crackers for a baby.
替一个婴儿把饼干掰碎

To snap off or detach:
折断，分开：使…喀嚓一声折断；使脱离：
例句：
broke a twig from the tree.
从树上折断一根小树枝



To fracture a bone of:
折断…的骨头：
例句：
I broke my leg.
我摔断了腿

To fracture (a bone):
折断（一根骨头）：
例句：
I broke my femur.
我摔断大腿骨

To crack without separating into pieces.
损坏但不裂成碎片


To destroy the completeness of (a group of related items):
分离，拆散：破坏（一组有关联物体的）完整：
例句：
broke the set of books by giving some away.
把一套书拆散，取其中数本送人

To exchange for smaller monetary units:
兑开大额钞票：
例句：
break a dollar.
兑开一美元

To vary or disrupt the uniformity or continuity of:
中断，停止：改变或中断…的单一性或连续性：
例句：
a plain that was broken by low hills; caught the ball without breaking stride.
一片被低矮的山丘阻隔的平原；没有改变步伐就接到球

Electricity To open:
【电学】 中断，停止：
例句：
break a circuit.
中断电路



To force or make a way through; puncture or penetrate:
刺穿，贯穿：强行冲破，开辟道路；刺：
例句：
The blade barely broke the skin.
那把刀刃仅仅刺破皮肤

To part or pierce the surface of:
分开，穿过：分开或刺破…表面：
例句：
a dolphin breaking water.
一头跃出水面的海豚

To cause to burst.
使…爆裂
To force one`s way out of; escape from:
挣脱，脱逃：强行越出；从…逃离：
例句：
break jail.
越狱



To find an opening or flaw in:
在…中找出破绽：
例句：
They couldn`t break my alibi.
他们不能证明我案发时不在现场的辩解不实

To find the solution or key to; uncover the basic elements and arrangement of:
破解，解决：找到…的解决办法或答案；揭开…的基本成分或暴露…的排列方式：
例句：
break a code; break a spy ring.
破译密码；破坏间谍网

To make known, as news:
泄露，透露：告知，如消息：
例句：
break a story.
透露一则新闻

To surpass or outdo:
超过，胜过：
例句：
broke the league`s home-run record.
打破联盟的本垒打纪录

To overcome (a force or resistance):
克服（武力或抗拒）：
例句：
break the sound barrier.
克服音速障碍

To put an end to by force or strong opposition, especially to end (a strike) by means other than negotiation.
终止，结束：动用武力或通过激烈的反对使…结束，尤指通过谈判以外的方式结束（罢工）
To lessen in force or effect:
减少，变小：在力量或效果方面减弱：
例句：
break a fall.
使瀑布水量变少

To render useless or inoperative:
使…无用，损坏：
例句：
We accidentally broke the radio.
我们不小心弄坏了收音机

To weaken or destroy, as in spirit or health; overwhelm with adversity:
使虚弱，使绝望，使困窘：使虚弱或损坏，如在精神，健康方面；通过逆境、厄运来制服：
例句：
.For a hero loves the world till it breaks him.(William Butler Yeats)
.因为英雄深爱世人，直到世人令他绝望.(威廉·巴特勒·耶茨)

To cause the ruin or failure of (an enterprise, for example):
破产，失败：使（例如一家企业）垮台，失败：
例句：
Indiscretion broke both marriage and career.
鲁莽轻率使他的婚姻和事业都失败了

To reduce in rank; demote.
使降职；使…降级
To cause to be without money or go into bankruptcy.
使破产
To fail to fulfill; cancel:
不能履行；取消：
例句：
break an engagement; break one`s vacation plans.
解除婚约；取消假期计划

To fail to conform to; violate:
不服从；破坏：
例句：
break the speed limit.
超速

Law To invalidate (a will) by judicial action.
【法律】 通过法律手续使（遗嘱）无效


To give up (a habit).
放弃（习惯）
To cause to give up a habit:
使放弃习惯；驯服：
例句：
They managed to break themselves of smoking.
他们设法戒了烟

To train to obey; tame:
训练使服从；驯服：
例句：
The horse was difficult to break.
那匹马很难被制服

v.intr.（不及物动词）
To become separated into pieces or fragments.
分裂成碎片
To become cracked or split.
破裂，分裂
To become unusable or inoperative:
无用，无效，故障：
例句：
The television broke.
电视机坏了

To give way; collapse.
屈服；崩溃
To burst:
破裂了：
例句：
The blister has finally broken.
水疱终于破了



To become punctured or penetrated.
刺穿，贯穿
To intrude on:
闯入，侵入：
例句：
They broke in upon a heady conversation.
他们打断了一场热烈的谈话

To filter in or penetrate:
渗进，刺进：
例句：
Sunlight broke into the room.
阳光射进房间

To become fractured.
折断了
To scatter or disperse; part:
分散；分开：
例句：
The clouds broke after the storm.
暴风雨过后，云层分开了

Games To make the opening shot that scatters the grouped balls in billiards or pool.
【游戏】 开球：打台球时开球破局
Sports To separate from a clinch in boxing.
【体育运动】 拳击时，双方抱持后拆散
To move away or escape suddenly.
突然离开，逃走
To come forth or begin from a state of latency; come into being or emerge:
出现，显现：从隐伏的状态中显露出来；形成或出现：
例句：
A storm was breaking over Miami. Crocuses broke from the soil.
迈阿密上空暴风雨大作。藏红花破土而出

To emerge above the surface of water.
冒出水面
To become known or noticed:
为人所知：
例句：
The big story broke on Friday.
这个重要新闻在星期五传开了

To change direction suddenly.
突然改变方向
Baseball To curve near or over the plate:
【棒球】 使曲线飞行：从本垒板附近或上面呈曲线飞行：
例句：
The pitch broke away from the batter.
投出的球偏离了击球员

To change suddenly from one tone quality or musical register to another:
变化音调：突然改变音质或声区：
例句：
My voice broke to a whisper.
我的声音变成了喁喁细语

Linguistics To undergo breaking.
【语言学】 发生割裂
To change to a gait different from the one set. Used of a horse.
突然改变步态。用于指马
To interrupt or cease an activity:
中断，停止：中断或停止一项活动：
例句：
We`ll break for coffee at ten.
我们会在0点钟休息一下，喝点咖啡

To discontinue an association, an agreement, or a relationship:
打断，中止：中止交往、协议、联系：
例句：
The partners broke over a financial matter. One hates to break with an old friend.
合伙人在财政问题上分裂了。人们不愿意和老朋友断绝关系

To diminish or discontinue abruptly:
突然减弱，突然中断：
例句：
The fever is breaking.
一下子就退烧了

To diminish in or lose physical or spiritual strength; weaken or succumb:
衰弱，绝望：在精神或健康方面垮掉；变弱：
例句：
Their good cheer broke after repeated setbacks.
他们的热诚在接二连三的挫折之后消失殆尽

To decrease sharply in value or quantity:
锐减：在价值或数量方面锐减：
例句：
Stock prices broke when the firm suddenly announced layoffs.
当公司突然宣布裁员时，股票价格便大跌

To come to an end:
结束：
例句：
The cold spell broke yesterday.
寒流昨天就结束了

To collapse or crash into surf or spray:
碎开，散开：迸溅成碎浪或水花：
例句：
waves that were breaking along the shore.
沿着海岸迸溅的波浪

Informal To take place or happen; proceed:
【非正式用语】 发生；发展：
例句：
Things have been breaking well for them.
他们的事情进展很顺利

To break dance.
跳霹雳舞
n.（名词）
The act or an occurrence of breaking.
破裂，折断
The result of breaking, as a crack or separation.
破裂处：如裂缝，裂口
A beginning or an opening:
开始，敞开：
例句：
the break of day; a break in the clouds.
天破晓了；云层的空隙

A sudden movement; a dash:
急冲；猛跑：
例句：
The dog made a break toward the open field.
狗向田野冲去

An escape:
逃跑：
例句：
a prison break.
越狱

An interruption or a disruption in continuity or regularity:
中断，打断：指连续性和常规性的打断：
例句：
television programming without commercial breaks.
没有插商业广告的电视节目

A pause or an interval, as from work:
暂停，休息：工作时的间歇：
例句：
a coffee break.
喝咖啡的间歇

A sudden or marked change.
突变
A violation:
破坏：
例句：
a security break.
破坏安全

An often sudden piece of luck, especially good luck:
好运：突然来到的运气，尤指好运：
例句：
finally got the big break in life.
一生中最后走了好运

Informal
【非正式用语】
An allowance or indulgence; accommodating treatment:
津贴：津贴；予人方便的待遇：
例句：
The boss gave me a break because I`d been sick.
因为生病，老板给了我方便

A favorable price or reduction:
优惠的价格，打折：
例句：
a tax break for charitable contributions.
为慈善赠品提供的优惠税额

A severing of ties:
断绝联系：
例句：
made a break with the past; a break between the two families.
不再受往事的羁绊；两个家庭关系的断绝

Informal A faux pas.
【非正式用语】 失礼：指在社交上有失检点的行为、话语
A sudden decline in prices.
价格暴跌
A caesura.
韵脚中断
Printing
【印刷术】
The space between two paragraphs.
断纸：段落之间的空白处
A series of three dots ( . . . ) used to indicate an omission in a text.
省略号：三个点（…），用来表示文本的省略
The place where a word is or should be divided at the end of a line.
行尾的单词移行处
Electricity Interruption of a flow of current.
【电学】 电流的断路
Geology A marked change in topography such as a fault or deep valley.
【地质学】 断层：地形上的显著变化，如断层，深谷
Nautical The point of discontinuity between two levels on the deck of a ship.
【航海】 间断面：船甲板的两层之间的中断点
Music
【音乐】
The point at which one register or a tonal quality changes to another.
换音点，改调点
The change itself.
换音，改调
A solo jazz cadenza played during the pause between the regular phrases or choruses of a melody.
独奏华彩段：在正常的乐句间或乐曲的合唱部分间的暂停时刻表演的爵士乐独奏华彩段
A change in a horse`s gait to one different from that set by the rider.
马的步态改变：指马改变骑手制定的步态
Sports The swerving of a ball from a straight path of flight, as in baseball or cricket.
【体育运动】 曲线飞行：棒球或板球运动中球的曲线飞行
Sports The beginning of a race.
【体育运动】 起跑
Sports The separation after a clinch in boxing.
【体育运动】 拳击中扭抱后分开
Games The opening shot that scatters the grouped balls in billiards or pool.
【游戏】 开球破局：打台球时第一杆把聚在一起的球打散
Games A run or unbroken series of successful shots, as in billiards or croquet.
【游戏】 连续得分：打台球或槌球时一次连续得分
Sports Games Failure to score a strike or a spare in a given bowling frame.
【体育运动】 【游戏】 滚球的失误
Also brake A high horse-drawn carriage with four wheels.
也作 brake 四轮马车
Break dancing.
霹雳舞

<常用词组>break down
To cause to collapse; destroy:
使崩溃；毁坏：
例句：
break down a partition; broke down our resolve.
捣毁一堵隔墙；丧失了我们的决心

To become or cause to become distressed or upset.
变得或使痛苦，烦躁
To have a physical or mental collapse.
使健康、精神崩溃
To give up resistance; give way:
放弃抵抗；屈服：
例句：
broke down and bought a new car; prejudices that break down slowly.
不再坚持，买了一辆新的小轿车；慢慢放弃了的偏见

To fail to function; cease to be useful, effective, or operable:
失效；没用了：
例句：
The elevator broke down.
电梯出毛病了

To render or become weak or ineffective:
使…变弱，变得无效：
例句：
Opposition to the king`s rule gradually broke down his authority.
对国王统治的反抗逐渐削弱了他的权威

To divide into or consider in parts; analyze.
给…分类；分析
To be divisible; admit of analysis:
成为可分的；可进行分析：
例句：
The population breaks down into three main groups.
人口可分成三个主要的群族

To decompose or cause to decompose chemically.
从化学上分解，使从化学上分解
Electricity To undergo a breakdown.
【电学】 击穿
break in
To train or adapt for a purpose.
驯服，习惯于：为一目的而训练或使…适应
To loosen or soften with use:
用惯，穿惯：通过使用使…松软：
例句：
break in new shoes.
把一双新鞋穿得合脚

To enter premises forcibly or illegally:
强行进入，非法进入：
例句：
a prowler who was trying to break in.
企图非法闯入的小偷

To interrupt a conversation or discussion.
打断谈话，打断讨论
To intrude.
闯入
break into
To interrupt:
打断：
例句：
.No one would have dared to break into his abstraction.(Alan Paton)
.没有人胆敢打断他的臆想.(艾伦·佩顿)

To begin suddenly:
突然开始：
例句：
The horse broke into a wild gallop. The child broke into a flood of tears.
那匹马开始狂奔。那个孩子突然放声大哭

To enter (a field of activity):
进入（一个活动领域）：
例句：
broke into broadcast journalism at an early age.
早年就进入了广播新闻界

break off
To separate or become separated, as by twisting or tearing.
扯断，断裂：通过扭曲，撕扯分开
To stop suddenly, as in speaking.
说话时突然打住
To discontinue (a relationship).
断绝（关系）
To cease to be friendly.
不再友好，绝交
break out
To become affected with a skin eruption, such as pimples.
出皮疹：被皮疹感染，如丘疹
To develop suddenly and forcefully:
猛地爆发：
例句：
Fighting broke out in the prison cells.
牢房里发生斗殴

To ready for action or use:
把…准备好供使用：
例句：
Break out the rifles!
准备好 * ！

To bring forth for consumption:
拿出…供消费：
例句：
Let`s break out the champagne.
我们开一瓶香槟吧

To emerge or escape.
出现或逃走
To be separable or classifiable into categories, as data.
可分开归入各种类别，如数据
To isolate (information) from a large body of data.
分隔：从大量数据中把（信息）离析出来
break through
To make a sudden, quick advance, as through obstruction or opposition.
突破，穿过：冲破障碍突然、迅速地前进
break up
To separate into pieces; divide:
把…分裂成碎片；分开：
例句：
break up a chocolate bar.
把一块长条巧克力弄碎

To interrupt the uniformity or continuity of:
打破…的统一性或连贯性：
例句：
An impromptu visit broke up the long afternoon.
突然的造访打破了漫长的午后时光

To scatter; disperse:
分散；散开：
例句：
The crowd broke up after the game.
比赛结束后人群四面散开

To bring or come to an end:
使…结束或结束：
例句：
Guards broke up the fight. The marriage broke up.
警卫们结束了这场打斗。婚姻破裂了

Informal To burst or cause to burst into laughter.
【非正式用语】 爆发出大笑，使…爆发出大笑
<习惯用语>break a leg
Used to wish someone, such as an actor, success in a performance.
用来祝愿某人（如演员）演出成功
break bread
To eat together.
一道用餐
break camp
To pack up equipment and leave a campsite.
打好背包，离开露营地
break cover
To emerge from a protected location or hiding place:
离开隐蔽处：从安全的地方或隐蔽的地方露出：
例句：
The platoon broke cover and headed down the road.
一群人从暗处走出来，沿着大路前进

break even
To gain an amount equal to that invested, as in a commercial venture.
收支相抵：获得与投资相等的利润，如在商业冒险中
break new ground
To advance beyond previous achievements:
更好成绩：在以前取得的成绩上更进一步：
例句：
a company that broke new ground in the field of computers.
在计算机领域取得新进展的公司

break (one`s) neck
To make the utmost possible effort.
竭尽全力：尽最大可能的努力
break rank 或
break ranks
To fall into disorder, as a formation of soldiers.
秩序混乱，如士兵的队列
To fail to conform to a prevailing or expected pattern or order:
不符合，不相称：不符合盛行的或所期望的模式或秩序：
例句：
.Architectural experts have criticized the plaza in the past because it breaks rank with the distinctive faôades of neighboring Fifth Avenue blocks, whose buildings are flush with the sidewalk.(Sharon Churcher)
.建筑专家们过去一直批评那个广场，因为它与邻近的第五大街街区别具一格的建筑物正面不相称。这个街区的建筑物与人行道齐平.(沙伦·丘彻)

break (someone`s) heart
To disappoint or dispirit severely.
极为失望或沮丧
break (someone`s) service【体育运动】
To win a game, as in tennis, served by one`s opponent.
网球中接发球得分
break the ice
To make a start.
开始
To relax a tense or unduly formal atmosphere or social situation.
打破僵局：缓和紧张或过分正式的气氛、场合
break wind
To expel intestinal gas.
放屁
来源：
Middle English breken
中古英语 breken
from Old English brecan * see bhreg-
源自 古英语 brecan *参见 bhreg-

<参考词汇><同义词>break,crack,fracture,burst,split,splinter,shatter,shiver,smashThese verbs are compared as they mean to separate or cause to separate into parts or pieces.
这些动词在表示使分裂成碎片时可以进行比较。
Break is the most general and like the other members of the setimplies either the sudden application of force or the build-up of internal stress:
Break 最普通，正如这组动词中其它词一样，含有突然用力或内部压力的聚积的意思：
例句：
a window broken by vandals;
被故意打碎的一扇窗；

例句：
broke her leg;
她折断了腿；

例句：
a delicate chair that will break under a great weight. To
一张会在重压下破碎的精致椅子。

crack is to break,often with a sharp snapping sound,without dividing into parts:
crack 是使破裂，常带有啪的一声，并不裂成碎片：
例句：
I cracked the platter when I knocked it against the table.
我把盘子撞到桌子，它被碰裂了。

例句：
The foundation of the house cracked during the earthquake.
地震时那幢房子的地基裂开了。

例句：
The soil cracked from the drought.
土壤干裂了。

Fracture applies to a break or crack in a rigid body:
Fracture 用于指坚硬躯壳的折断、裂损：
例句：
fractured her skull in the accident;
在事故中她的头盖骨破裂了；

例句：
a vertebra that fractured in the fall.
摔断了的脊椎骨。

Burst implies a sudden coming apart, especially from internal pressure, and the dispersion of contents:
Burst 含有突然分开的意思，尤指由于内部压力，各自分散开：
例句：
The child burst the balloon with a pin.
那个孩子用别针把气球戳破了。

例句：
Her appendix burst.
她的阑尾破了。

Split refers to a division into sections longitudinally or along the direction of the grain:
Split 指竖向或顺着纹理分裂成几个部分：
例句：
split the log with an ax;
用斧子劈开木头；

例句：
frost that caused the rock to split.
使岩石裂开的冰冻。

Splinter implies splitting into long, thin, sharp pieces:
Splinter 指裂成又长又细尖锐碎片：
例句：
The tree was struck by lightning and splintered.
那棵树被闪电劈裂了。

例句：
Repeated blows splintered the door. To
不断的敲击把门都打裂了。

shatter is to break into many loose scattered pieces:
shatter 指碎成许多松散的小片：
例句：
The bottle will shatter if you drop it.
如果你把瓶子掉到地上，它就会裂成小碎片。

例句：
An exploding gas main shattered the tiles in the courtyard.
* 的煤气主要管线把院子里的瓦片都震碎了。

Shiver is a term rarely encountered outside literary contexts;likeshatter, it indicates sudden force that causes fragmentation:
Shiver 很少用于文学作品之外；正如shatter, 表示使成为碎片的突发力量：
例句：
.Every statue was hurled from its niche . . . every painted window [was] shivered to atoms. (John Lothrop Motley).
.每一尊雕像都从壁龛上被推了下来…每一扇彩画的窗户 震得粉碎. （约翰·洛斯罗普·莫特利）。

例句：
.The panels shivering in, like potsherds. (Thomas Carlyle).
.窗格震碎了，象陶器的碎片. （汤姆斯·卡莱尔）。

Smash stresses force of blow or impactand suggests complete destruction:
Smash 强调打击的力量，指完全的摧毁：
例句：
My glasses slipped from my hand and smashed on the floor.
我的眼镜从手中滑下去，在地板上摔得粉碎。

例句：
The boat was smashed on the rocks. See also Synonyms at demote ,opportunity
那艘船在岩石上摔得粉碎 参见同义词 demote,opportunity