injure

汉语翻译

vt. 伤害, 损害, 使受冤屈
【医】 损伤

词型变化：

名词:injurer 动词过去式:injured 过去分词:injured 现在分词:injuring 第三人称单数:injures 

词意辨析：

hurt, injure, wound, cut

这一组动词都有“受伤”的意思。
hurt: 为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害（可被badly, slightly, seriously等修饰），也可指精神上、感情上的伤害（被very much／rather／deeply修饰），多指伤痛。

• i hurt my leg badly in the football match.
  在那场足球赛中，我的腿受了重伤。
• he felt rather hurt at your words.
  你的话使他很难过。

injure: 比hurt正式，主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失。

• a bullet injured his left eye.
  一颗 * 伤了他的左眼。

wound: 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。也可指人们精神上的创伤。

• the thief wounded him with a knife.
  那小偷用刀刺伤了他。
• you have wounded his pride.
  你伤害了他的自尊心。

cut: 指无意中造成的轻伤。

• how did you get that cut on your hand?
  你手上的伤口是怎么弄的？

英语解释：

动词 injure:

1. cause injuries or bodily harm to
   同义词：wound
2. hurt the feelings of
   同义词：hurt, wound, bruise, offend, spite
3. cause damage or affect negatively
   同义词：hurt

例句：

1. Don't injure yourself with that tool.
   不要让那工具伤害到你。
2. He that spare the bad injure the good.
   饶恕了恶人，伤害了好人。
3. He injured his left hand in a fire.
   他在火灾中伤了左手。
4. She was injured badly in the accident.
   她在这次意外中受到重伤。

详细解释：

in.jure

v.tr.（及物动词）
in.jured,in.jur.ing,in.jures
To cause physical harm to; hurt.
伤害，使受伤：造成肉体上的伤害；损害
To cause damage to; impair.
造成破坏；损伤
To cause distress to; wound:
伤感情：使感情上受伤害；伤害：
例句：
injured their feelings.
伤害了他们的感情

To commit an injustice or offense against; wrong.
中伤，诽谤：不公正地对待或对…犯下罪行；错误对待

来源：
Middle English injuren [to wrong, dishonor]
中古英语 injuren [错误对待，损坏名誉]
from Old French injurier
源自 古法语 injurier
from Latin iniôri3ro
源自 拉丁语 iniôri3ro
from iniôria [a wrong] * see injury
源自 iniôria [一项错误] *参见 injury

【引伸】
in.jurer
n.（名词）
<参考词汇><同义词>injure,harm,hurt,damage,impair,mar,spoilThese verbs mean to affect detrimentally.
这些动词都表示不利地影响。
Injure can refer to acts that have an adverse effect on health, appearance, prospects, or well-being:
injure 可以指对健康、外表、前景或生活的舒适带来反面影响：
例句：
She was badly injured in an accident.
她在一次事故中被重伤。

例句：
Malicious gossip could injure his chances of success. It can also mean to treat another unjustly or wrongfully:
恶意的流言会危及他成功的希望。 它也用于不公平地或错误地对待另一个人：

例句：
.Those that are not favored will think themselves injured. (Samuel Johnson).
.那些没有得到利益的人仍会认为自己受到了亏待. （塞缪尔·约翰逊）。

Harm andhurt refer principally to what causes pain, distress, diminution, or loss:
Harm 与hurt 主要指那些带来痛苦、悲伤、损失或损害的：
例句：
Gypsy moths harm foliage.
蛾对叶子有害。

例句：
Failure to pay his bills has harmed his credit.
无法付帐会对他的信用带来损害。

例句：
A hailstorm hurt the apple crop.
一场风暴损坏了种植的苹果。

例句：
My feelings are hurt.
我的感情收到了伤害。

Damage usually implies injury that decreases value, usefulness, desirability, or effectiveness:
Damage 一词通常指那种使价值、有用性和有效性减少的损害：
例句：
A falling tree damaged the roof.
一棵倒下的树损坏了屋顶。

例句：
The scandal seriously damaged the senator`s reputation.
那丑闻严重损害了参议员的名声。

Impair refers to what diminishes, as in quality:
Impair 一词指的是减低，减损：
例句：
The patient`s intelligence has been impaired by a brain injury. Tomar is to impair by or as if by disfiguring:
由于脑伤，病人的智力受损。 mar 是指通过或好象通过破坏使受损：

例句：
Faulty intonation marred the performance. Tospoil is to impair and ultimately destroy the value, excellence, or strength of:
吟颂中的缺欠影响了演出效果。 spoil 是损坏和彻底摧毁价值、优点和力量。

例句：
Worrying about business spoiled our evening.
由于对生意的担心，我整个晚上都给毁掉了