base

汉语翻译

n. 底部, 垒, 基础, 基地
vt. 以...作基础
a. 卑鄙的, 低劣的
【计】 基准
【化】 碱; 基极
【医】 [基]底, 硷(旧名盐基), 基质, 基, 主药, 基托, 基板(牙)
【经】 基本的

词型变化：

形容词比较级:baser 最高级:basest 副词:basely 动词过去式:based 过去分词:based 现在分词:basing 第三人称单数:bases 

词意辨析：

base, basis, foundation, ground

这些名词均含有“基础”之意。
base: 侧重指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。
basis: 主要用作抽象或引申意义。
foundation: 用于具体意义时，侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作比喻意义时，与basis基本相同。
ground: 含义与basis和foundation接近。一般指某种决定、论点或关系的基础，也可指某种原因的基础。

英语解释：

名词 base:

1. any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
   同义词：alkali
2. installation from which a military force initiates operations
   同义词：base of operations
3. lowest support of a structure
   同义词：foundation, fundament, foot, groundwork, substructure, understructure
4. place that runner must touch before scoring
   同义词：bag
5. (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place
   同义词：radix
6. the bottom or lowest part
7. (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment
8. a lower limit
   同义词：floor
9. the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained
   同义词：basis, foundation, fundament, groundwork, cornerstone
10. a support or foundation
    同义词：pedestal, stand
11. the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed
12. the most important or necessary part of something
    同义词：basis
13. the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end
    同义词：home
14. a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries
    同义词：al-Qaeda, Qaeda, al-Qa'ida, al-Qaida
15. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
    同义词：root, root word, stem, theme, radical
16. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area
    同义词：infrastructure
17. the principal ingredient of a mixture
18. a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit
19. (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector

动词 base:

1. use as a basis for; found on
   同义词：establish, ground, found
2. use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes
   同义词：free-base
3. assign to a station
   同义词：station, post, send, place

形容词 base:

1. serving as or forming a base
   同义词：basal
2. (used of metals) consisting of or alloyed with inferior metal
3. of low birth or station (`base' is archaic in this sense)
   同义词：baseborn, humble, lowly
4. not adhering to ethical or moral principles
   同义词：dishonorable, dishonourable, immoral, unethical
5. having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality
   同义词：mean, meanspirited
6. illegitimate
   同义词：baseborn
7. debased; not genuine

例句：

1. Her reply caught him off base.
   她的答覆使他不知所措。
2. His base conduct was condemned by everyone.
   他的无耻行为受到所有人的谴责。
3. This film is based on a novel by D.H.Lawrence.
   这部影片是根据D.H.劳伦斯的小说改编的。
4. How many military bases are they maintaining on foreign soil?
   他们在外国保持多少个军事基地？
5. Many languages have Latin as their base.
   许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。

详细解释：

base

n.Abbr. b.,B.（名词）缩写 b.,B.


The lowest or bottom part:
底部：最低的部分或最底部：
例句：
the base of a cliff; the base of a lamp.
悬崖脚；灯的底座

Biology The part of an animal or plant organ nearest its point of attachment.
【生物学】 基部：动物或植物的器官最近结合点的部分


A supporting part or layer; a foundation:
地基：支撑的部分或支持的层；基础：
例句：
a skyscraper built on a base of solid rock.
建筑在坚实岩石基础上的摩天高楼

A basic or underlying element; infrastructure:
基本要素：基础元素；某一系统的各要素：
例句：
the nation`s industrial base.
国家的工业基础

The fundamental principle or underlying concept of a system or theory; a basis.
基本成份：一个系统或理论的基本要素或基本概念；基础
A fundamental ingredient; a chief constituent:
基本成分；主要成分：
例句：
a paint with an oil base.
以油彩为主的绘画

The fact, observation, or premise from which a reasoning process is begun.
前提条件：进行推理过程所需的事实、观察及前提


Games A starting point, safety area, or goal.
【游戏】 起点，目标：出发点，安全场地或终点
Baseball Any one of the four corners of an infield, marked by a bag or plate, that must be touched by a runner before a run can be scored.
【棒球】 垒：棒球内场的四个角中的一个，用一个袋或盘作标记，跑着得分之前，跑者必须触摸到它
A center of organization, supply, or activity; a headquarters.
总部：组织中心，供应中心或活动中心；总部


A fortified center of operations.
中心：设防的操作中心
A supply center for a large force of military personnel.
基地：大量军事人员武装部队的供应中心
Architecture The lowest part of a structure, such as a wall, considered as a separate unit:
【建筑学】 底座：建筑物的最底层部分，比如墙，被看作隔离的单位：
例句：
the base of a column.
柱基

Heraldry The lower part of a shield.
【纹章学】 盾牌的底部
Linguistics A morpheme or morphemes regarded as a form to which affixes or other bases may be added.
【语言学】 词素，字根：词素，它被看作词缀或其它词根可以加上的词形
Mathematics
【数学】
The side or face of a geometric figure to which an altitude is or is thought to be drawn.
底面，底边：几何图形的边或面，在上面可以画出或被认为可以画出其高度
The number that is raised to various powers to generate the principal counting units of a number system.
乘方数：被提升到各种乘方上，产生数字系统内基本计算规则的数字
The number raised to the logarithm of a designated number in order to produce that designated number.
底：被升到指定数字的对数上的数量，是为了得到那被指定的数目
A line used as a reference for measurement or computations.
基线：测量或计算中用来作为辅助的线
Chemistry
【化学】
Any of a large class of compounds, including the hydroxides and oxides of metals, having a bitter taste, a slippery solution, the ability to turn litmus blue, and the ability to react with acids to form salts.
碱，盐基：一种有许多化合物的化学物，它含有金属氢氧化物和金属氧化物，带有苦味，溶液较滑，能使石蕊试纸变蓝，并能与酸反应生成盐
A molecular or ionic substance capable of combining with a proton to form a new substance.
化合物：能与质子结合形成一种新物质的分子化合物或离子化合物
A substance that provides a pair of electrons for a covalent bond with an acid.
共价化合物：能够提供一对电子给一个酸形成共价键的化合物
Electronics
【电子学】
The region in a transistor between the emitter and the collector.
基极：晶体管中发射极和集电极之间的区域
The electrode attached to this region.
晶体管内的电子：附着在晶体管这个区域的电子
One of the purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cystosine, thymine, and uracil) that occurs attached to the sugar component of DNA or RNA.
碱基：嘌呤（腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤）或嘧啶（胸嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶）的一种，附着在脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的糖分子上
adj.（形容词）
Forming or serving as a base:
底部的：形成基础或作为基础的：
例句：
a base layer of soil.
底层土壤

Situated at or near the base or bottom:
在底部的：位于底部的，位于低部附近的：
例句：
a base camp for the mountain climbers.
给登山者用的扎营基地

v.tr.（及物动词）
based,bas.ing,bas.es
To form or provide a base for:
设立：形成…的基础，提供…的基础：
例句：
based the new company in Portland.
在波特兰设立公司

To find a basis for; establish:
以…为基础：发现…的基础；建立，创立：
例句：
based her conclusions on the report; a film based on a best-selling novel.
根据报告作为她的结论；一部以畅销小说为题材的影片

To assign to a base; station:
部署：指派到基地；站岗：
例句：
troops based in the Middle East.
部署在中东的部队


<习惯用语>off base
Badly mistaken.
犯大错误的
来源：
Middle English
中古英语
from Old French
源自 古法语
from Latin basis
源自 拉丁语 basis
from Greek * see g w3-
源自 希腊语 *参见 g w3-

<参考词汇><同义词>base,basis,foundation,ground,groundworkThese nouns all pertain to what underlies and supports.
这些名词都与基础与支撑物有关。
Base is applied chiefly to material objects:
Base 主要指物体基础：
例句：
amazed by the size of the monument`s base.
惊讶于纪念碑基部的巨大。

Basis is used in a nonphysical sense:
Basis 用来指非物质方面的基础：
例句：
.The basis of a democratic state is liberty. (Aristotle).
.民主国家的基础是自由. （亚里士多德）。

Foundation applies physically(the foundation of a house) and figuratively (a statement without foundation in fact) . It often stresses firmness of support for something of relative magnitude:
Foundation 指物质基础如：（房基） 及用作比喻：（没有事实基础的声明） 。 它经常被用来强调相关数量事物基础的稳固和坚固：
例句：
.Our flagrant disregard for the law attacks the foundation of this society. (Peter D. Relic).
.我们明显地忽视法律对这个社会的基础是一种攻击. （彼特·D·瑞利科）。

Ground may denote an actual working surface,as in art(a white design on a blue ground) ; more often it is used figuratively in the sense of a justifiable reason:
Ground 表示一种实际的起作用的表面，如在艺术中（蓝底上的白 * 案） ； 经常更多地用作比喻，表示合理的原因、正当的依据或理由：
例句：
grounds for divorce.
离婚的正当理由。

Groundwork is most often applied figuratively, in the sense of a necessary preliminary:
Groundwork 最常用作比喻，表示必需的开端：
例句：
laid the groundwork for future negotiations.
为将来的谈判奠定基础


---------------另--------------
base
base 2

adj.（形容词）
bas.er,bas.est


Having or showing a contemptible, mean-spirited, or selfish lack of human decency.See Synonyms at mean 2
卑贱的：具有或表现出可鄙的，卑贱的，卑鄙的自私的而没有人的可敬的行为标准。参见 mean2
Devoid of high values or ethics:
情感不高尚的，没有道德规范的，堕落的：
例句：
a base, degrading way of life.
堕落的生活方式

Inferior in value or quality.
卑劣的：价值或数量低劣的
Containing inferior substances:
搀杂的：含有劣等物质的，不纯的：
例句：
a base metal.
一块不纯的金属

Archaic Of low birth, rank, or position.
【古语】 出身、职位、地位卑贱的
Obsolete Short in stature.
【废语】 个子矮的
n.Obsolete （名词）【废语】
A bass singer or voice.
低音歌唱家或低音

来源：
Middle English bas [low]
中古英语 bas [低的]
from Old French
源自 古法语
from Medieval Latin bassus
源自 中世纪拉丁语 bassus

【引伸】
base.ly
adv.（副词）