civil

汉语翻译

a. 市民的, 公民的, 有礼貌的
【法】 公民的, 国民的, 民用的

词型变化：

副词:civilly 

词意辨析：

polite, civil, courteous

这些形容词均含“礼貌的、客气的”之意。
polite: 普通常用词，指言论举止无论何时均严谨有礼，很有教养。
civil: 语气弱于polite，着重只达到社交的一般要求，避免粗鲁。
courteous: 指言谈举止典雅，谦恭有礼，更侧重考虑他人的感情与尊严。

英语解释：

形容词 civil:

1. applying to ordinary citizens
2. not rude; marked by satisfactory (or especially minimal) adherence to social usages and sufficient but not noteworthy consideration for others- W.S. Maugham
   同义词：polite
3. of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state
4. of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals
   同义词：civic
5. (of divisions of time) legally recognized in ordinary affairs of life
6. of or in a condition of social order

例句：

1. The America Civil War was broken out during the presidency of Lincoln.
   在林肯就职其间，美国爆发了内战。
2. We were tired of being pushed around by officious civil servants.
   我们厌烦那些官老爷把我们支来支去。
3. The secession of some southern states from the USA in the 1860s led to the civil war.
   由于南部某些州于十九世纪六十年代脱离美国而导致了南北战争。
4. This ruined bridge is a relic of the Civil War.
   这座毁坏的桥是南北战争时的遗迹。
5. It was a civil case so there was no question of him being sent to prison.
   这是一桩民事案件，因此他没有被送进监狱的可能。
6. Man is a civil creature.
   人是社会动物。

详细解释：

civ.il

adj.Abbr. civ.（形容词）缩写 civ.
Of, relating to, or befitting a citizen or citizens:
公民的，适于公民的：
例句：
civil duties.
公民义务

Of or relating to citizens and their interrelations with one another or with the state:
公民间的：有关、涉及公民及公民之间或公民与国家的关系的：
例句：
civil society; the civil branches of government.
公众社会；政府的民政部门

Of ordinary citizens or ordinary community life as distinguished from the military or the ecclesiastical:
平民的：与军队或宗教区别开来的普通公民或普通社会生活的：
例句：
civil authorities.
平民权利

Of or in accordance with organized society; civilized.
文明的，开化的：与有组织的社会相一致的；开化的
Sufficiently observing or befitting accepted social usages; not rude:
有礼貌的：充分地遵守或符合公认的社会习俗的；不粗鲁的：
例句：
a civil reply.See Synonyms at polite
有礼貌的答复参见 polite

Being in accordance with or denoting legally recognized divisions of time:
民用的：代表被合法承认的时间的划分或与之一致的：
例句：
a civil year.
民用年

Law Relating to the rights of private individuals and legal proceedings concerning these rights as distinguished from criminal, military, or international regulations or proceedings.
【法律】 民事的，民法的：关于个人隐私权及相关于这些权利的法律诉讼程序的，区别于刑事的、军事的或国际的条例或诉讼程序

来源：
Middle English
中古英语
from Latin covolis
源自 拉丁语 covolis
from covis [citizen] * see kei-
源自 covis [市民] *参见 kei-

【引伸】
civ.illy
adv.（副词）