fair

汉语翻译

n. 展览会, 市集, 美好的事物
a. 公平的, 按规则进行的, 不好不坏的, 晴朗的, 美丽的
ad. 公平地, 正面地, 有教养地, 清楚地
vi. 转晴
【经】 定期集市, 商品交易会, 中等品
相关词组:
for fair
fair and square

词型变化：

名词:fairness 形容词比较级:fairer 最高级:fairest 动词过去式:faired 过去分词:faired 现在分词:fairing 第三人称单数:fairs 

词意辨析：

beautiful, fair, handsome, lovely, pretty, fine

这些形容词均含“美丽的，漂亮的”之意。
beautiful: 普通用词，含义广泛，语气最强，指优美和谐，是一种几乎接近完美的美。指人时通常形容女人或小孩，很少用于描写男子。
fair: 正式用词，多用于文学中，形容女子和儿童，侧重外表的美。
handsome: 多用于描写男性的英俊潇洒。有时也形容女人，指其五官端正，体态秀丽。
lovely: 普通用词，描写人时，主要指女人和小孩的相貌，语气不如beautiful强。
pretty: 普通用词，语气比beautiful弱，多用于描写妇女、儿童以及小巧玲珑，精美可爱之物。
fine: 指在容貌、身材或风度等方面令人感到可爱。用于事物时，强调形式或内容的优美。

impartial, just, fair, neutral, objective

这些形容词均有“公正的、公平的、不偏不倚的”之意。
impartial: 侧重对任何人或任何一方没有成见或偏袒。
just: 多用于庄重场合，指不受个人利益得失或感情倾向的影响，侧重按照公认的准则或标准处理问题。
fair: 普通常用词，指不偏不倚地对待人和物，侧重不受个人感情、偏见或利益所影响。
neutral: 强调持中立态度，不偏袒任何一方，甚至不作最后的裁决。
objective: 着重客观、真实，不为个人偏见、兴趣、感情或看法所左右。

英语解释：

名词 fair:

1. a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.
   同义词：carnival, funfair
2. gathering of producers to promote business
3. a competitive exhibition of farm products
4. a sale of miscellany; often for charity
   同义词：bazaar

动词 fair:

1. join so that the external surfaces blend smoothly

形容词 fair:

1. free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; or conforming with established standards or rules
   同义词：just
2. showing lack of favoritism
   同义词：impartial
3. not excessive or extreme
   同义词：fairish, reasonable
4. very pleasing to the eye
   同义词：bonny, bonnie, comely, sightly
5. (of a baseball) hit between the foul lines
6. lacking exceptional quality or ability
   同义词：average, mediocre, middling
7. attractively feminine
8. (of a manuscript) having few alterations or corrections
   同义词：clean
9. free of clouds or rain
10. (used of hair or skin) pale or light-colored;
    同义词：fairish

副词 fair:

1. in conformity with the rules or laws and without fraud or cheating
   同义词：fairly, clean
2. without favoring one party, in a fair evenhanded manner
   同义词：fairly, evenhandedly

例句：

1. His knowledge of the language is fair.
   他对这种语言的了解相当不错。
2. It's not fair to kick another player in football.
   足球比赛中不允许踢另一位球员。
3. We participated in the spring fair.
   我们参加了春季展览会。
4. You must play fair.
   你必须公正处事。

详细解释：

fair

adj.（形容词）
fair.er,fair.est
Of pleasing appearance, especially because of a pure or fresh quality; comely.
美丽的：外表美丽的，尤指因为纯洁或青春活力的特点的；美丽的


Light in color, especially blond:
金色的：淡色的，尤指金黄色的：
例句：
fair hair.
金发

Of light complexion:
肤色浅的：
例句：
fair skin.
白皙的皮肤

Free of clouds or storms; clear and sunny:
晴朗的：无云和风的；睛朗的：
例句：
fair skies.
晴朗的天空

Free of blemishes or stains; clean and pure:
纯洁的：无瑕的或无污点的；干净和纯洁的：
例句：
one`s fair name.
清白的名声

Promising; likely:
大有希望的；可能的：
例句：
We`re in a fair way to succeed.
我们很可能会成功



Having or exhibiting a disposition that is free of favoritism or bias; impartial:
公平的：有或表现出不偏袒的或无偏见的性情的；公平的：
例句：
a fair mediator.
公正的仲裁者

Just to all parties; equitable:
公正的，平等的：对各方都公平对待的；公平的：
例句：
a compromise that is fair to both factions.
一个对两派都公平的协议

Being in accordance with relative merit or significance:
合理的：与相关的优点或重要性相称的：
例句：
She wanted to receive her fair share of the proceeds.
她想从赢利中得到应得的份额

Consistent with rules, logic, or ethics:
合宜的：符合规则、逻辑或行为准则：
例句：
a fair tactic.
合宜的策略

Moderately good; mildly satisfying:
普通的：比较好；比较令人满意的：
例句：
gave only a fair performance of the sonata.
一次比较好的奏鸣曲演出

Superficially true or appealing; specious:
似乎合理的：貌似真实的；貌似有理的：
例句：
Don`t trust his fair promises.
不要相信他貌似真实的许诺

Lawful to hunt or attack:
合法狩猎或侵袭的：
例句：
fair game.
正大光明的比赛

Archaic Free of all obstacles.
【古语】 无障碍的
adv.（副词）
In a proper or legal manner:
光明正大地：用适当的或合法的方式：
例句：
playing fair.
光明正大地处事

Directly; straight:
直接地：
例句：
a blow caught fair in the stomach.
腹部挨了一击

v.tr.（及物动词）
faired,fair.ing,fairs
To join (pieces) so as to be smooth, even, or regular:
接平：使光滑、平滑或整齐以连接（各部分）：
例句：
faired the aircraft`s wing into the fuselage.
把机翼连在机身上

n.（名词）
Archaic A beautiful or beloved woman.
【古语】 漂亮的或心爱的女人
Obsolete Loveliness; beauty.
【废语】 美丽的事物；美女

<常用词组>fair off 或
fair up 【多用于美国南部】
To become clear. Used of weather.
放晴：变睛。用于天气
<习惯用语>fair and square
Just and honest.
公正诚实
for fair
To the greatest or fullest extent possible:
最大可能的：
例句：
Our team was beaten for fair in that tournament.
我们队在那场比赛中被彻底打败了

no fair
Something contrary to the rules:
违背法规：
例句：
That was no fair.
那不公平

来源：
Middle English
中古英语
from Old English fôger [lovely, pleasant]
源自 古英语 fôger [可爱的，愉快的]

【引伸】
fair.ness
n.（名词）
<参考词汇><同义词>fair,just,equitable,impartial,unprejudiced,unbiased,objective,dispassionateThese adjectives mean free from favoritism, self-interest, or bias in judgment.
这些形容词表示不偏袒、不自私或在判断中无偏见。
Fair is the most general:
Fair 是最普遍的：
例句：
a fair referee;
公平的裁判员；

例句：
a fair deal;
公平交易；

例句：
a fair fight;
公平战争；

例句：
on a fair footing.
地位平等。

Just stresses conformity with what is legally or ethically right or proper:
Just 强调与法律或道德准则所提倡的一致：
例句：
a kind and just man;
一位和善、公正的男人；

例句：
.a just and lasting peace. (Abraham Lincoln).
.公正持久的和平. （亚伯拉罕·林肯）。

Equitable also implies justice, but justice dictated by reason, conscience, and a natural sense of what is fair to all concerned:
Equitable 也含有公正的意思，但强调由理智、良心和在通盘考虑后自然得出的公正：
例句：
an equitable distribution of gifts among the children.
公平地给孩子们分发礼物。

Impartial emphasizes lack of favoritism:
Impartial 强调不偏袒：
例句：
.the cold neutrality of an impartial judge. (Edmund Burke).
.不偏不倚的法官保持冷漠的中立. （埃德蒙·布尔克）。

Unprejudiced means without favorable or unfavorable preconceived opinions or judgments:
Unprejudiced 表示没有预先形成偏好或厌恶的想法或评判：
例句：
an unprejudiced evaluation of the arguments for and against the proposal.
公正地评价赞成和反对计划的论据。

Unbiased implies absence of the preference or inclination inhibiting impartiality:
Unbiased 强调无偏爱，无偏见：
例句：
gave an unbiased account of her family problems.
无偏见地叙述她的家庭问题。

Objective implies detachment that permits observation and judgment without undue reference to one`s personal feelings or thoughts:
Objective 指纯客观地观察，与一切个人感情、偏见或意见都无关：
例句：
Try to be objective as you listen to the testimony.
在听证词时一定要客观。

Dispassionate means free from or unaffected by strong personal emotions:
Dispassionate 没有或不受个人强烈情绪的影响：
例句：
A journalist should be a dispassionate reporter of fact. See also Synonyms at average ,beautiful
记者应当是对事实作冷静报导的人 参见同义词 average,beautiful

<注释>American folk speech puts Standard English to shame in its wealth of words for describing weather conditions.When the weather goes from fair to cloudy,New Englanders say that it`s .breedin` up a storm. (Maine informant in theLinguistic Atlas of New England ). If the weather is clear, however,a New Englander might call itopen. Southernfair off and fair up, meaning .to become clear,. were originally Northeastern terms and were brought to the South as settlement expanded southward and westward.They are now .regionalized to the South,. according to Craig M. Carver, author ofAmerican Regional Dialects. These phrases may be the origin of modern and less regional coinings,such asmild up, used on a television weather forecast: .The Southwest is beginning to mild up just a tad..
美国方言对天气状况的描写因其应有尽有的单词使标准英语黯然失色。当天气由晴转多云时，新英格兰人会说.孕育着一场暴风雨.（新英格兰语言学图册 的缅因消息提供者）。 但如果天气是无云的，新英格兰人也许会说open。 南部的fair off 和 fair up 所表示的放晴， 起源于东北部词语，后被带到南部成为固定用法并向南向西流传。根据克雷格M·卡弗尔，美国地区方言 的作者所说，它们如今已.被南方地区化了.。 这些词组或许正是现代不再具地区性的词句的起源，例如mild up， 用于电视天气预报： .西南将变得暖和一点.
<注释>The history of the wordfair illustrates how words can weaken in meaning over time. In Old English the ancestor offair, fôger, had senses such as .lovely, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable,. a far cry from our modern sense .mildly good or satisfying..The Old English senses passed into Middle English,where the wordfair started to take a slight turn in the direction already alluded to. Fair could mean .highly to be approved of, splendid, good,.but it could also be used ironically,as in Chaucer`s observation after a horse threw the Cook on the pilgrimage to Canterbury:.that was a fair feat of horsemanship by the Cook..This ironic use was probably not responsible for the semantic weakening offair, but it shows how a positive word can have its meaning reversed.The weakening offair was most likely caused by .the determined optimism which led to the use of fair . . . rather than direct expression of discontent,.in the words of George H. McKnight.One might add as another cause the desire to avoid hurting other people`s feelings.
单词fair 的历史表明随岁月的流逝单词的语意变弱。 在古英语中fair，fôger 本意是.可爱的，漂亮的，愉快的.， 与我们现在的.比较好或满意的.大相径庭。古英语传到中世纪英语时，fair 已开始在引申的方向上有微小的转变。 Fair 可以表达.被高度赞许的，辉煌的，好的，.但也可用作反语，如在往坎特伯雷朝圣的途中马将科克摔下时后，乔尔斯评论道：.那是科克精湛骑术的体现.。这种反语用法也许对fair 语义学上的弱化没有联系， 但它表明了一个褒义的单词可以变得意思完全相反。fair 的弱化很大程度上缘于.坚决的乐观主义导致 fair 的用法改变， 而不是直接表达不满意的意思，.乔治赫·马克奈特如此评论。人们可以再添上其它原因以免伤害别人的感情

---------------另--------------
fair
fair 2

n.（名词）
A gathering held at a specified time and place for the buying and selling of goods; a market.
集市：在特定时间和地点展开的买卖物品的集会；市场
An exhibition, as of farm products or manufactured goods, usually accompanied by various competitions and entertainments:
博览会：农产品或手工艺产品的展览，通常带有竞争性和娱乐性：
例句：
a state fair.
国家博览会

An exhibition intended to inform people about a product or business opportunity:
展销会：为公众了解某产品或获知商业信息而设置的展览：
例句：
a computer fair; a job fair.
电脑展销会；职业交流会

An event, usually for the benefit of a charity or public institution, including entertainment and the sale of goods; a bazaar:
义卖：通常为慈善目的或公众机构而举行的活动，包括娱乐、卖物品；义卖：
例句：
a church fair.
教堂义卖市场


来源：
Middle English faire
中古英语 faire
from Old French feire
源自 古法语 feire
from Late Latin fôria
源自 后期拉丁语 fôria
sing. of Latin fôriae [holidays] * see dhôs-
拉丁语 fôriae的单数 [假日] *参见 dhôs-