excuse

汉语翻译

vt. 原谅, 申辩, 做为...的托辞
n. 致歉, 理由, 饶恕, 借口
【法】 原谅, 宽恕, 赦免
相关词组:
excuse oneself from...
in excuse of...

词型变化：

动词过去式:excused 过去分词:excused 现在分词:excusing 第三人称单数:excuses 副词:excusably 名词:excusableness 形容词:excusable 

词意辨析：

cause, reason, excuse

这些名词均有“原因”之意。
cause: 指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事有因果关系。
reason: 强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
excuse: 指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。

英语解释：

名词 excuse:

1. a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.
   同义词：alibi, exculpation, self-justification
2. a note explaining an absence
3. a poor example
   同义词：apology

动词 excuse:

1. accept an excuse for
   同义词：pardon
2. grant exemption or release to
   同义词：relieve, let off, exempt
3. serve as a reason or cause or justification of
   同义词：explain
4. defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning
   同义词：apologize, apologise, justify, rationalize, rationalise
5. ask for permission to be released from an engagement
   同义词：beg off
6. excuse, overlook, or make allowances for; be lenient with
   同义词：condone

例句：

1. Excuse me, can I get past, please?
   劳驾，能让我过去吗？
2. Excuse me, but I must say you are completely wrong.
   对不起，但是我必须说你完全错了。
3. His excuse for being late was that he had missed the train.
   他迟到的理由是没有赶上火车。
4. Please excuse my bad handwriting.
   请原谅我的字写得不好。

详细解释：

ex.cuse

v.tr.（及物动词）
ex.cused,ex.cus.ing,ex.cus.es


To explain (a fault or an offense) in the hope of being forgiven or understood:
辩解，托词：希望被原谅或理解而解释（过失或冒犯）：
例句：
He arrived late and excused his tardiness in a flimsy manner.
他来晚了，而且还以薄弱的借口来辩解他的迟到

To seek to remove the blame from:
要求原谅：试图免于被…责备：
例句：
She excused herself for being late.
她为她的迟到辩解



To grant pardon to; forgive:
宽恕；原谅：
例句：
We quickly excused the latecomer.
我们很快原谅了迟到者

To make allowance for; overlook:
许可；宽容：
例句：
Readers must excuse the author`s youth and inexperience.See Synonyms at forgive
读者必须宽恕作者的年轻和缺乏经验参见 forgive

To serve as justification for:
证明为正当的：
例句：
Brilliance does not excuse bad manners.
才华不能成为无礼行为的正当理由

To free, as from an obligation or duty; exempt:
免除责任：使免除责任或义务；免除：
例句：
In my state, physicians and lawyers are excused from jury duty.
在我看来，医生和律师都应免除当陪审团的义务

To give permission to leave; release:
准许离开；放开：
例句：
The child ate quickly and asked to be excused.
那孩子吃得很快并请求准许离开

n.（名词）

An explanation offered to justify or obtain forgiveness.
理由；藉口：为…提供理由或为获得谅解而做的解释
A reason or grounds for excusing:
开脱的原因或根据：
例句：
Ignorance is no excuse for breaking the law.
无知不能成为违反法律的理由

The act of excusing.
辩护行为
A note explaining an absence.
请假条：解释缺席的字条
Informal An inferior example:
【非正式用语】 拙劣样品：
例句：
a poor excuse for a poet; a sorry excuse for a car.
拙劣的诗；蹩脚汽车


来源：
Middle English excusen
中古英语 excusen
from Old French excuser
源自 古法语 excuser
from Latin excôs3re
源自 拉丁语 excôs3re
ex- [ex-]
ex- [前缀，表‘前任的，从前的.]
causa [accusation] * see cause
causa [指责] *参见 cause

【引伸】
excus.able
adj.（形容词）
excus.ableness
n.（名词）
excus.ably
adv.（副词）
excus.er
n.（名词）