wish

汉语翻译

n. 希望, 愿望, 祝愿, 命令, 请求
vt. 愿, 想要, 希望, 祝愿
vi. 希望
相关词组:
wish sb success
I wish to inform you that...
wish sb well
wish sb ill
wish sb good morning
wish for
grant sb's wish
go against sb's wish
have a wish to do sth
have no wish to do sth
make a wish

词型变化：

名词:wisher 动词过去式:wished 过去分词:wished 现在分词:wishing 第三人称单数:wishes 

词意辨析：

desire, wish, hope, expect, want, long

这些动词都有“希望”之意。
desire: 语气较正式庄重，着重渴望的力量与热切，常含有强烈的意图和目的。
wish: 语气较弱，多指难于实现或不可能实现的愿望。
hope: 指对愿望实现有一定信心的希望。
expect: 通常指有很大程度的把握，但仍含有预料之意，或预计某事或某行动的发生。
want: 一般指所想要的东西是切望得到的东西，能弥补实际需要。
long: 语气强，指极殷切地盼望着，这种盼望侧重于很难或不可能得到的东西。有时也指一般愿望，但含一定感 * 彩。

英语解释：

名词 wish:

1. a specific feeling of desire
   同义词：wishing, want
2. an expression of some desire or inclination
   同义词：indirect request
3. (usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare
   同义词：regard, compliments
4. the particular preference that you have

动词 wish:

1. hope for; have a wish
2. prefer or wish to do something
   同义词：care, like
3. have in mind
   同义词：will
4. make or express a wish
5. feel or express a desire or hope concerning the future or fortune of
   同义词：wish well
6. order politely; express a wish for
7. invoke upon
   同义词：bid

例句：

1. I'll do it if that's what you wish.
   要是您要求这样做，我一定照办。
2. Do you wish when you see a shooting star?
   你看见流星时提出愿望吗？
3. I don't think we can wish the children on your parents while we're away.
   我认为咱们不在家时不能把孩子都硬塞给你父母看管。
4. I wish I knew his address.
   要是我知道他的地址就好了。
5. I wish you a good journey.
   祝你一路平安。
6. His wish to be an actor has come true.
   他想当演员的愿望实现了。

详细解释：

wish

n.（名词）
A desire, longing, or strong inclination for a specific thing.
希望，愿望：对某一特定物的欲望、向往或强烈倾向
An expression of a desire, longing, or strong inclination; a petition.
请愿，请求：表达欲望、向往或强烈倾向；请愿
Something desired or longed for.
想要或渴望得到的东西
v.（动词）
wished,wish.ing,wish.es
v.tr.（及物动词）
To long for; want.See Synonyms at desire
渴望：希望，想要参见 desire
To entertain or express wishes for; bid:
祝愿：抱有或表达祝愿；祝：
例句：
He wished her good night.
他向她道晚安

To call or invoke upon:
愿，祈求：
例句：
I wish them luck.
我向他们祝愿幸运

To order or entreat:
要求；请求：
例句：
I wish you to go.
我要你离开

To impose or force; foist:
强加：强迫，强加；把…强加于：
例句：
They wished a hard job on her.
他们给她很艰难的任务

v.intr.（不及物动词）
To have or feel a desire:
盼望，企求：
例句：
wish for the moon.
向月亮许愿

To express a wish.
表达愿望，祝愿

来源：
Middle English wissh
中古英语 wissh
from wisshen [to wish]
源自 wisshen [盼望]
from Old English wtscan * see wen-
源自 古英语 wtscan *参见 wen-

【引伸】
wish.er
n.（名词）
Wish is widely used as a polite substitute for want with infinitives:
Wish 已广泛地成为与不定式连用表示 want 的礼貌的代替语。
例句：
Do you wish to sit at a table on the terraceô
你想坐在阳台上的桌旁吗ô

例句：
Anyone who wishes to may leave now.
想走的现在可以走了。

This usage is consonant with formal style,where it is natural to treat the desires of others with exaggerated deference.The corresponding use ofwish with a noun-phrase object is less frequent, though it cannot be regarded as incorrect:
这种用法符合正式文体，因正式文体中对别人的愿望表示出夸大的尊重很自然。尽管不会认为是错误的，但wish 加上名词短语作宾语不太常见：
例句：
Anyone who wishes an aisle seat should see an attendant.
任何想要走廊座位的人都要同服务员商量。

Both usages are likely to sound stilted in informal style, however. ôWhenwish precedes a subordinate clause containing a contrary-to-fact statement, strict grammatical correctness requires that one usewere rather than was : I wish I were (not was ) lighter on my feet. Many writers continue to insist on this rule,but precedent for using the indicativewas in such clauses can be found in the works of many writers, including King Alfred and Jonathan Swift. See Usage Note at if ,want
但这两种用法在非正式文体中会显得不自然。当wish 后面接一个与事实相反的陈述句作从属分句时， 按严格的语法来说，应在从句中用were 代替 was ： I wish I were （不是 was ) lighter on my feet（多希望我能步履轻盈。） 许多作家仍坚持这条规则，但在从句中用表陈述的was 可在许多作家包括金·阿尔弗雷德和约纳森·斯威夫特的作品中找到先例 参见 if,want