英语翻译：
hardships
相关词条：
1.arduousness 2.strenuosity
例句：
- 吉辛，乔治·罗伯特1857－1903英国作家，以其关于贫穷和艰辛的小说最出名，比如新穷人街（1891年）
British writer best known for his novels about poverty and hardship, such as New Grub Street(1891).
- 他那满是皱纹的脸记录了他一生中的艰辛。
His wrinkly face goes down to his hardship during his life.
- 我也是从年轻人和穷苦人过来的，因此我知道艰辛之处在哪里。
I also have been young and poor, so I know where the shoe pinches.
分词翻译：
艰的英语翻译：
difficult; hard
辛的英语翻译：
laborious; pungent; suffering